I think you've got an interesting concept going here Adam.  I like the idea of making a paralell between current issues and your characters.  I really like the idea that you are going for here, and I think that it's got a lot of potential. 

Some sticky points for me were the dialogue and the overall flow the piece.  Much of the dialogue was confusing becuase I was never really quite sure who was talking.  Perhaps some tagging might help with this, letting your reader know who is saying what.  Also, much of the dialogue did not feel very natural.  There were several lines where I remember thinking distincly that I would never hear a real person say something like that. 

Also, there were parts of the story that ready really slowly.  As a reader, it was difficult to stay interested in the story during those parts.  The interactions between The Earth and Pete were a little bit slow, and the whole first scene seemed to lag behind the rest of the story.

This is a good first draft.  Hope these comments are helpful for you.

Okay, my biggest bone to pick is going to be right up front:  Spell and grammar check.

I know not anyone is as anal-retentive as I am about grammar, but if you have stuff like

“Earth, you want me to take of that other bottle.” Pete pointed to the window.

Your readers will think you are lazy and do not really care about the story, and the next step to that is "If he doesn't care, why should I?"  (That's OFF, and a ? at the end, for those of us not paying attention)

The bottle rolled along the streets gentle curve

Likewise, use that punctuation! (an apostrophe, here)

And again:

You’ve had a bad fall, but your gonna be fine.”

"your" means "belonging to you".  YOU'RE is "you are".

Proofreading for stuff like this should only take about 5 or 10 minutes, depending on how long your story is and how thorough you want to be, so there's really no excuse for not doing it.  Note that computer-done spell and grammar checks won't pick stuff like this up as of, streets, and your are all properly spelled words.  This is the big downside to computer dependency.  You expect it to catch everything and so don't even check it yourself.  Then it doesn't catch it so you end up with errors that you don't even know about.

But enough ranting about grammar (Ha, as if there could ever be enough ranting about grammar.)

Like Lyla mentioned, the dialogue definitely needs some work.  In general, the stoners' dialogue was the most realistic.  Here are some examples of dialogue that could do with a touch-up:

“I don’t wanna go back to jail, man”
“No way dude, not with your bad back”

What?  This makes no sense.  I mean sure, they're out of their gourds, but what?

Another big problem in dialogue-land is the lack of punctuation on the end of half the sentences.  This adds to the stilted unrealistic quality of the whole thing, as well as making me rant and froth about grammar (see above).  Sometimes you don't close " marks either, which gets really confusing.

The Earth's dialogue seems weird because of his calling everybody "Sir".  Now maybe it's just me, but if I've just fallen through the floor and landed in a room inhabited by two stoners high on drugs and hairspray, I somehow don't think I would call them "Sir".  This looks to me like it's a copy of Kevin Smith.  If it is (or even if it isn't), get rid of it.  It just doesn't work in this situation.

“The last name is Mitchell, and my first name is two parts, The Earth, it’s spelled just like the words.”  In the dark, The Earth could not see the silent snicker of the second voice.  He found the earnest manner in which The Earth displayed his naivete quite hilarious.

This is an example of what Lyla mentioned with not being able to tell who is saying what.  The most recent "character" mentioned is The Earth, so the "He" is associated with that character, and not with Voice #2.

He was either gonna be okay or he wasn’t it was sort of out of his hands, and nobody except the two flunkies in the shadows could have any input.

Skipping out of dialogue and back into grammar: This sentence is in dire need of punctuation.  "He was either going to be okay, or he wasn't--it was sort of out of his hands." "Flunky," by the way, implies that they're somebody's servants.  Probably not what you're wanting to imply there.

“You’re back?”

He's back? But he never left!  Another case of the dreaded lack-of-proofreading.

“You move the pot.”
“Where?”
“Throw it in the alley, that place is a pit anyway.  Just cover the plants with some soil afterwards”

1) Alleys have soil in them?  (Okay, I see now that they were supposed to get this from the flower shop, but still.  It's not made really clear)

2) Dialogue wise, the first sentence just doesn't work.  It looks more like a curt response "No, you move the pot!" than a suggestion.  "Well man, why don't you hide the pot or something."

“How’s come everyone calls you The Earth?”

First off, this isn't really a "serious question".  Second, "How's come"? I mean, really.

My old runnin’ buddies just sort of took to calling me The Earth after that”

You've currently painted The Earth as a fat out-of-shape lazy person.  Now he goes running all of a sudden.  I guess it's in the past, so he might not have been fat then, but it's kind of a random reference here.  Especially since you claim he's 850 pounds a few paragraphs down.

Speaking of abrupt, the ending to the story is REALLY abrupt.  It's just kind of mid-thought "Okay it's over now."

Another problem overall is the fact that you refer to The Earth as that every single time he pops up.  You don't do this with any of the other characters, so I guess it's because you're trying to make a point.  All it really does is make it look really ham-fisted, and it also slows down the pace considerably. 

Refer to him as "He" if it's obvious that's who you're talking about.  I was also confused until pretty much the very end of the story about whether this was an allegorical figure or just a person with a silly name.  I'd suggest moving that part closer to the beginning of the story.  The flashback is kind of arbitrary as well; it looks like you just stuck it in there to stop people wondering if T.E. was human or not.  I'd suggest merging T.E.'s conversation with Pete at the beginning to this later conversation.  That'll both make it seem less forced and clear up confusion right from the get-go.

The concept wasn't a bad one (albeit a bit heavy-handed), but the execution leaves a lot to be desired.  Go back and proof-read it, and it'll improve a lot just from that.  Good luck!

Throughout most of the piece you use capitalized letters for The Earth, but there are a few places where you don’t capitalize them, and others when you don’t have The in front. There needs to be a consistency.

I think there’s an excessive use of dialogue throughout this piece. More than half of the paragraphs are dialogue, and several of those are short sentences with only a few words. Dialogue is vitally important for character interaction, but overuse can distract from the story and make it feel rushed. Try to add some descriptions to a few of the lines, such as he said, The Earth said, etc. You use this at times, but for a large stretch there’s nothing but back-and-forth dialogue.

Oh, on account of my health problems I guess, always being poor and all that tuck, I suppose.

I am not sure what “tuck” means in this context. Is it supposed to be some sort of pejorative phrase?

I really like the premise of this piece. It gives a great alternative view to the current situation involving the health of our planet. I hope you write more of these kinds of works, I really enjoyed reading it.